Huarākau Fruit

When Māori arrived in Aotearoa, they brought their knowledge of food growing and a variety of plants that continue to grow today, such as kūmara and tī pore (Pacific cabbage tree). They may have also brought fruits with them, including banana, breadfruit and coconut. However, these crops did not successfully grow in this country’s cooler climates and they learnt to utilise the fruit from native trees such as Poroporo and Karaka. Some fruit had other uses such as flavour enhancement or hair oil. When the missionary Samuel Marsden arrived in 1819, he brought with him apples and pears. In 2008, a pear tree from this original planting was still growing in Kerikeri. Although initially for domestic consumption, fruit exports started from Christchurch to Chile in 1888.

By June 2023, Aotearoa export revenue for fruit was valued at $3.7 billion. In 2021, we counted 25,990 people in the workforce with 17% of employees on work and work holiday visas. The Fruit industry workforce is highly diverse. In 2021, approximately 19% of the workforce were Pacific peoples, 21% Māori, and 12% Asian, with an estimated 10% of businesses being Māori-owned.

Like other industries within the food and fibre sector, labour shortages continue to provide challenging conditions for growers, compounded by the seasonality of the work. In 2006, Central Otago locals received funding to trial bringing people from Vanuatu to work in the fruit and viticulture industries, and what later became the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) scheme began, officially coming into effect when the government picked up the scheme in 2007.

The RSE scheme continues today, but it has not completely solved the ongoing labour shortage challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic revealed the fragility of an industry that is heavily reliant on an overseas workforce, and the need to upskill locals in the industry. However, the future is bright. New technologies provide an opportunity for innovation within an industry that still relies heavily on a manual labour force. The Fruit industry is ripe and ready for a highly skilled, and tech-savvy labour workforce to disrupt the industry, increasing productivity and export potential.

Find out about our work to assess the quality of programmes delivered by providers for this industry here.